ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The influence of cobalt ions on growth and enzymatic activity of entomopathogenic fungi used in biological plant protection
1
Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
2
Department of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
3
Department of Plant Protection and Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2019-05-16
Acceptance date: 2019-09-27
Online publication date: 2020-03-23
Corresponding author
Łukasz Łopusiewicz
Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Janickiego 35, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2020;60(1):58-67
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study focused on the effect of heavy metal cobalt ions (at concentrations of
1–1000 ppm) on the development and enzymatic activity of four entomopathogenic fungi:
Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria brongniartii, Isaria fumosorosea and Metarhizium robertsii,
commonly used in biological plant protection. It was found that each of the tested species
of fungi reacted individually to contact with the Co2+ ions at their various concentrations.
Depending on the variants of the experiment carried out, there were changes in the development
of the mycelia (mainly growth inhibition) and their morphological features (color
and structure) in comparison to the control samples. Co2+ ions had a fungistatic effect
on all fungal strains, whereas a fungicidal effect was noted at concentrations of 750 ppm
and 1000 ppm against M. robertsii and I. fumosorosea, respectively. In addition, there was
a discrepancy in enzymatic activity between the tested fungal species developing in the medium
with varying concentrations of metal salt. The inhibitory effect of Co2+ ions on lipase
production was observed in I. fumosorosea. Protease production was stimulated in B. bassiana
at all Co2+ concentrations, whereas in M. robertsii this effect was noted at 1 ppm. The
changing dynamics of extracellular fungal hydrolases, due to the action of Co2+ ions, may
translate into the role of these microorganisms in the processes of insect pathogenesis. This
work suggests that severe pollution of the environment by cobalt could be a restrictive factor
for the development and pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi and must be taken
into account for their successful application in biological plant protection.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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