ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima L.) enhances aphidophagous insects and increases yield in field broad bean – agronomic aspects
1
Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
2
Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
3
Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2024-03-13
Acceptance date: 2024-04-30
Online publication date: 2024-12-02
Corresponding author
Barbara Lucyna Domagała
Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2024;64(4):307-322
HIGHLIGHTS
- The introduction of the sweet alyssum into the broad bean cultivation resulted in a decrease in the number of black bean aphids
- The presence of L. maritima contributed to the increase in the number of hoverflies and ladybirds
- Lack of the competitiveness of sweet alyssum in relation to broad bean allows using the standard spacing (50 cm) between the rows.
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Sweet alyssum (Lobularia maritima L.) is known as an insectary plant with great potential
in enhancing the occurrence and diversity of beneficial insects in different crops.
However, agronomic aspects of the introduction of this plant are still not fully recognized.
Field studies aimed at assessing entomological relationships in the quasi-coordinate system
focused on evaluating the impact of sweet alyssum as a companion plant in broad bean
(Vicia faba L.) cultivation on the prevalence of the black bean aphid (Aphis fabae Scop.) and
its natural enemies. It was also sought to determine the optimal row spacing for broad beans
when introducing an additional plant between the rows. A 3-year field experiment involved
various row spacings for broad beans: 50 cm, 65 cm, and 80 cm, with a control group at
a 50 cm row spacing representing conventional cultivation, and another group with standard
chemical pest protection as a reference. The results indicated that using sweet alyssum
as a companion plant significantly reduced the black bean aphid population. It was comparable
to the effect of chemical pest control. This companion planting also considerably increased
the population of natural enemies of the black bean aphid, including hoverfly eggs
and larvae, as well as various stages of ladybirds, particularly the adult stage. Sweet alyssum
contributed to a reduced aphid-to-predator ratio, leading to a significant decrease in
black bean aphid numbers and an earlier colonization of aphids by hoverflies and ladybirds
on broad bean plants. In summary, sweet alyssum has the potential to effectively decrease
black bean aphid occurrences, particularly on ecological farms. Notably, sweet alyssum’s
competitiveness with broad beans and the different row spacing had minimal impact on
predator occurrence, eliminating the need to increase standard row spacing for this plant.
RESPONSIBLE EDITOR
Anna Tratwal
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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