ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Seasonal dynamics of: the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, its natural enemies the seven spotted lady beetle Coccinella septempunctata and variegated lady beetle Hippodamia variegata, and their parasitoid Dinocampus coccinellae
1
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, 6517833131 Hamedan, Iran
Submission date: 2015-06-17
Acceptance date: 2015-11-10
Corresponding author
Hossein Madadi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, 6517833131 Hamedan, Iran
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, 6517833131 Hamedan, Iran
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2015;55(4):421-428
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Two important lady beetle species commonly found in alfalfa fields in Iran are the variegated lady beetle
Hippodamia variegata
Goeze and the seven spotted lady beetle
Coccinella septempunctata
(Linnaeus,
1758) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
These two species
attack many aphid species including the pea aphid,
Acyrthosiphon pisum
(Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). In this study, the seasonal
population changes of
A. pisum,
H. variegata,
C. septempunctata
and the parasitoid,
Dinocampus coccinellae
(Schrank) (Hymenoptera:
Braconidae) were studied in alfalfa fields in the 2012 and 2013 seasonal periods. The highest ladybird densities were noted on July 5,
2012 and on September 6, 2013 (17.2±2.8 and 13.4±1.6) individuals per 20 sweeps, respectively. Parasitism rates by
D. coccinellae
ranged
from approximately 3 to 6% in two subsequent years, respectively. Parasitism was higher early in the growing season. Most parasitised ladybirds were females. There was no significant relationship between the temperature and relative humidity with pea aphid
populations, although the aphid populations declined during the hot summer period. In contrast, the relationship between temperature and the
H. variegata
population was significant and positive in both years of the study. It has been shown that these lady beetle
species have a major role in reducing the pea aphid populations in alfalfa fields. Due to the relatively low percentage of field parasitism by
D. coccinellae, this parasite might not reduce the biocontrol efficiency of lady beetle species.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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