ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Molecular identification of pathogenic Fusarium species, the causal agents of tomato wilt in western Iran
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 6714115111 Kermanshah, Iran
Submission date: 2015-11-10
Acceptance date: 2016-05-13
Corresponding author
Khosrow Chehri
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 6714115111 Kermanshah, Iran
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 6714115111 Kermanshah, Iran
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2016;56(2):143-148
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Fusarium species are causal agents of fungal diseases occurring frequently in numerous agriculturally important plants, including potato, garlic and are one of the common pathogens of tomato, causing root rot in the west part of Iran. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to isolate and identify disease-causing
Fusarium species from infected tomatoes based on the morphological and molecular characteristics. Twenty-five isolates of Fusarium were obtained from infected root of tomato plants collected from the fields in different regions of western Iran. Based on morphological features, the strains were classified into four following Fusarium species:
F. oxysporum, F. redolens, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. The phylogenetic trees based on tef1 and tub2 dataset clearly distinguished closely related species. All of the isolates were evaluated for their pathogenicity on healthy tomato seedlings in the greenhouse. This is the first report on molecular identification of Fusarium species isolated from tomato plants cultivated in Iran.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
REFERENCES (31)
1.
Alves-Santos F.M., Benito E.P., Eslava A.P., Díaz-Mínguez J.M. 1999. Genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum strains from common bean fields in Spain. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65 (8): 3335–3340.
2.
Amini J. 2009. Physiological race of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in Kurdistan Province of Iran and reaction of some tomato cultivars to race 1 of pathogen. Plant Pathology Journal 8 (2): 68–73.
3.
Bao J.R., Lazarovits G. 2001. Differential colonization of tomato roots by nonpathogenic and pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains may influence Fusarium wilt control. Biological Control 91 (5): 449–456.
4.
Chehri Kh. 2015. First report of postharvest fruit rots of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum in Iran. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 48 (6): 537–544.
5.
Chehri Kh., Ghasempour H.R., Karimi N. 2014. Molecular phylogenetic and pathogenetic characterization of Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC), the cause of dry rot on potato in Iran. Microbial Pathogenesis 67–68 (1): 14–19.
6.
Chehri Kh., Salleh B., Soleimani M.J., Reddy K.R.N., Latiffah Z. 2010. Occurrence of Fusarium spp. associated with root tissues and rhizosphere soils of forest trees and assessment of their pathogenicity on Prunus amygdalus seedlings. Australian Journal of Botany 58 (8): 679–686.
7.
Chopada G.B., Singha P., Chandulala K. 2015. Cultural and morphological variability among Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici causing wilt of tomato in south Gujarat region. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 48 (2): 104–110.
8.
Etcheverry M., Torres A., Ramirez M.L., Chulze S., Magan N. 2002. In vitro control of growth and fumonisin production by Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum using antioxidants under different water availability and temperature regimes. Journal of Applied Microbiology 92 (4): 624–632.
9.
Fandohan P., Hell K., Marasas W.F.O., Wingfield M.J. 2003. Infection of maize by Fusarium species and contamination with fumonisin in Africa. Africa Journal Biotechnology 2 (12): 570–579.
10.
Fassihiani A. 1985. Occurrence of Fusarium wilt of tomato in Hormozgan province of Iran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 21: 9–11.
11.
Forsyth L.M., Smith L.J., Aitken A.B. 2006. Identification and characterization of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum capable of increasing and decreasing Fusarium wilt severity. Mycological Research 110 (8): 929–935.
12.
Geiser D.M., Jimenez-Gasco M.M., Kang S., Makalowska I., Veeraraghavan N., Ward T.J., Zhang N., Kuldau G.A., O’Donnell K. 2004. FUSARIUM-ID v. 1.0: A DNA sequence database for identifying Fusarium. European Journal of Plant Pathology 110 (5): 473–479.
13.
Grattidge R., O’Brien R.G. 1982. Occurrence of third race of Fusarium wilt of tomatoes in Queensland. Plant Disease 66 (2): 165–166.
14.
Guarro J., Gene J. 1995. Opportunistic fusarial infections in humans. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology 14 (9): 741–754.
15.
Gupta S.K., Rana S., Jarial K. 2011. Variation in morphological, cultural, pathogenic and molecular features of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi isolates causing wilt of pea (Pisum sativum). Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 41: 275–278.
16.
Iakovos S.P., Sotirios T.E., Ioannis A.S., Iordanis Ch., Epaminondas J.P. 2009. Mode of action of a non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain against Verticillium dahliae using Real Time QPCR analysis and biomarker transformation. Biological Control 50 (1): 30–36.
17.
Jian R.B., Deborah R.F., Nichole R.O., George L., Peter V.B. 2009. Genetic analysis of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum from tomato plants. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55: 117–125.
18.
Jones J.B., Stal J.P., Zitter T.A. 1991. Compendium of tomato disease. The American Pathological Society Press, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 73 pp.
19.
Kaiser W.J., Klein R.E., Larsen R.C., Wyatt S.D. 1993. Chickpea wilt incited by pea streak carlavirus. Plant Disease 77 (9): 922–926.
20.
Ketelaar J.W., Kumar P. 2002. Vegetable integrated production and pest management: the case for farmers as IPM experts. p. 12. In: International Conference on Vegetables; Bangalore, India, 1–14 November 2002.
21.
Leslie J.F., Summerell B.A. 2006. The Fusarium Laboratory Manual. Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Oxford, UK, 388 pp.
22.
Madhavi D.L., Salunkhe D.K. 1998. Production, composition, storage, and processing. p. 171–201. In: “Tomato. Handbook of Vegetable Science and Technology” (D.K. Salunkhe, S.S. Kadam, eds.). Marcel Dekker, New York, USA, 550 pp.
23.
Mohd Zainudin N.A.I., Abd Razak A., Salleh B. 2008. Bakanae disease of rice in Malaysia and Indonesia: etiology of the causal agent based on morphological, physiological and pathogenicity characteristics. Journal of Plant Protection Research 48 (4): 475–485.
24.
Nash S.M., Snyder W.C. 1962. Quantitative estimations by plate counts of propagules of the bean rot Fusarium in field soils. Phytopathology 52 (6): 567–572.
25.
O’Donnell K., Cigelnik E. 1997. Two divergent intragenomic rDNA ITS2 types within a monophyletic lineage of the fungus Fusarium are nonorthologous. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 7 (1): 103–116.
26.
O’Donnell K., Humber R.A., Geiser D.M., Kang S., Park B., Robert V.A.R.G., Crous P.W., Johnston P.R., Aoki T., Rooney A.P., Rehner S.A. 2012. Phylogenetic diversity of insecticolous fusaria inferred from multilocus DNA sequence data and their molecular identification via FUSARIUM-ID and Fusarium MLST. Mycologia 104 (2): 427–445.
27.
O’Donnell K., Kistler H.C., Cigelnike E., Ploetz R.C. 1998. Multiple evolutionary origins of the fungus causing Panama disease of banana: Concordant evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial gene genealogies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 95: 2044–2049.
28.
Rozlianah F.S., Sariah M. 2010. Characterization of Malaysia isolation of Fusarium from tomato and pathogenicity testing. Research Journal of Microbiology 1: 266–272.
29.
Steinkellner S., Mammerler R., Vierheilig H. 2005. Microconidia germination of the tomato pathogen Fusarium oxysporum in the presence of root exudates. Journal of Plant Interactions 1 (1): 23–30.
30.
Tamura K., Dudley J., Nei M., Kumar S. 2007. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24 (8): 1596–1599.
31.
Thapa C.D., Sharma S.L. 1978. Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, a versatile Fungus causing buckeye fruit rot of tomato. Indian Journal of Plant Protection 6: 76–78.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 1899-007X |
| ISSN: | 1427-4345 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
