ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Genetic variability and virulence of some Iranian Rhizoctonia solani isolates associated with stem canker
and black scurf of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
1
Plant Protection Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2019-05-27
Acceptance date: 2019-08-01
Online publication date: 2020-03-10
Corresponding author
Mehdi Nasr Esfahani
Plant Protection Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
Plant Protection Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2020;60(1):21-30
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Stem canker and black scurf of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn are important and epidemic diseases in potato-growing regions worldwide, including Iran. In this study, 120 isolates were retrieved from infected stem canker from six potato-growing regions in Iran (Isfahan, Ardebil, Fars, Hamedan, Kurdestan and Kerman). Out of these, 30 isolates were selected as representatives for genetic and virulence analysis. The isolates were analyzed by one sequence analyzes of the ITS-rDNA region, random
amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), as well as virulence studies. Based on sequence analysis of the ITS-rDNA region, all 30 isolates were assigned to the anastomosis group (AG) and all were assigned to AG-3 PT. Cluster analysis
using the unweighted pair group method with the arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method for both RAPD and ISSR markers revealed that they were divided into three main groups, with no correlation to geographical regions of the isolates. Pathogenicity tests showed that
all isolates were pathogenic on potato cv. Agria; however, virulence variability was observed among the isolates. The grouping based on RAPD analysis and virulence variability was not correlated.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
REFERENCES (56)
1.
Alghuthaymi MA. 2018. Cultural, anastomosis, and universally primed PCR typing of Rhizoctonia solani from potato. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 15: 119–130. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbr....
2.
Balali G.R., Neate S.M., Kasalkheh A.M., Stodart B.J., Melanson D.L., Scott E.S. 2007. Intraspecific variation of Rhizoctonia solani AG 3 isolates recovered from potato fields in Central Iran and South Australia. Mycopathologia 163: 105–115. DOI: https:// doi.org10.1007/s11046-006-0089-7.
3.
Bandy B.P., Leach S.S., Tavantzixs S.M. 1988. Anastomosis group 3 is the major cause of Rhizoctonia disease of potato in maine. Plant Disease 72: 596–598. DOI: https://link.springer.com/chap....
4.
Boysen M., Borja M., del Moral C., Salazar O., Rubio V. 1996. Identification at strain level of Rhizoctonia solani AG4 isolates by direct sequence of asymmetric PCR products of the ITS regions. Current Genetic 29: 174–181. DOI: https://link.springer.com/arti... 10.1023/A:1008736404263.
5.
Caesar J., Rees N.E., Spencer N.R., Quimby P.C. 1993. Characterization of Rhizoctonia spp. causing disease of leafy spurge in the Northern Plains. Plant Disease 77 (7): 681–684. DOI: https://doi.org 10.1094/PD-77-0681.
6.
Carling D.E., Leiner R.H. 1986. Isolation and characterization of Rhizoctonia solani and binuclate Rhizoctonia solani-like fungi from aerial stems and subterranean orangs of potato plants. Phytopathology 76: 725–729. DOI: https://www.apsnet.org/publica....
7.
Carling D. 1996. Grouping in Rhizoctonia solani by hyphal anastomosis interactions. p. 37–47. In: “Rhizoctonia Species: Taxonomy, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Pathology, and Disease Control” (B. Senh, S. Jabaji-Hare, S. Neate, G. Dijst, eds.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. DOI: http://www.scielo.org.co/sciel....
8.
Carling D.E., Kuninaga S., Brainard K.A. 2002a. Hyphal anastomosis reactions, rDNA-internal transcribed spacer sequences, and virulence levels among subsets of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group-2 (AG-2) and AG-BI. Phytopathology 92: 43–50. DOI: https://apsjournals.apsnet.org....
9.
Carling D.E., Baird R.E., Gitaitis R.D., Brainard K.A., Kuninaga S. 2002b. Characterization of AG-13, a newly reported anastomosis group of Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology 92: 893–899. DOI: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2....
10.
Chikara R.K., Malik V., Kumar U. 2015. Identification of RAPD based genetic variability in Rhizoctonia solani isolates from Northern India. International Journal of Biotechnology and Recent Advances 3: 25–30. DOI: https://link.springer.com/book....
11.
Cubeta M.A., Vilgalys R. 2000. Rhizoctonia. p. 109–116. In: “Encyclopedia of Microbiology” (J. Lederberg, ed.). Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, 3848 pp.
12.
Cubeta M., Vilgalys R. 1997. Population biology of the Rhizoctonia solani complex. Phytopathology 87: 480–484. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.....
13.
Das S., Falloon R.P., Stewart A., Pitman A.R. 2014. Molecular characterisation of an endornavirus from Rhizoctonia solani AG-3PT infecting potato. Fungal Biology 118 (11): 924–934. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2014.08.003.
14.
Dubey S.C., Tripathi A., Upadhyay B.K. 2012. Molecular diversity analysis of Rhizoctonia solani isolates infecting various pulse crops in different agro-ecological regions of India. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 57: 513–524. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223....
15.
Fenille R.C., Ciampi M.B., Kuramae E.E., Souza N.L. 2003. Identification of Rhizoctonia solani associated with soybean in Brazil by rDNA-ITS sequences. Fitopatologia Brasileira 28: 413–419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-....
16.
Fiers M., Edel-Hermann V., Héraud C., Gautheron N., Chatot C., Le Hingrat Y., Bouchek-Mechiche K., Steinberg Ch. 2011. Genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia solani associated with potato tubers in France. Mycologia 103: 1230–1244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3852/10-231.
17.
Godoy-Lutz G., Kuninaga S., Steadman J.R., Powers K. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of Rhizoctonia solani subgroups associated with web blight symptoms on common bean based on ITS-5.8 S rDNA. Journal of General Plant Pathology 74: 32–40. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS....
18.
Gondal G., Rauf A., Naz F. 2019. Anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani associated with tomato foot rot in Pothohar Region of Pakistan. Scientific Reports 9: 3910. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598....
19.
Grosch R., Schneider J.H.M., Peth A., Waschke A., Franken P., Kofoet A., Jabaji-Hare S.H. 2007. Development of a specific PCR assay for the detection of Rhizoctonia solani AG 1‐IB using SCAR primers. Journal of Applied Microbiology 102: 806–819. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03125.x.
20.
Gush S., Muzhinj N., Truter M., van der Waals J.E. 2019. First report of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2IIIB causing elephant hide on potato tubers in South Africa. Plant Disease 103 (7): 1776. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-1....
21.
Hall T.A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41: 95–98. DOI: http://brownlab.mbio.ncsu.edu/....
22.
Ito M., Meguro-Maoka A., Maoka T., Akino S., Masuta C. 2017. Increased susceptibility of potato to Rhizoctonia diseases in potato leaf roll virus-infected plants. Journal of General Plant Pathology 83: 169–172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-0....
23.
Kumar S., Stecher G., Tamura K. 2016. MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis 33: 1870–1874. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msw054.
24.
Kuninaga S., Natsuaki T., Takeuchi T., Yokosawa R. 1997. Sequence variation of the rDNA its regions within and between anastomosis groups in Rhizoctonia solani. Current Genetics 32 (3): 237–243. DOI: 10.1007/s002940050272.
25.
Kuninaga S., Carling D.E., Takeuchi T., Yokosawa R. 2002. Comparison of rDNA-ITS sequences between potato and tobacco strains in Rhizoctonia solani AG-3. Journal of General Plant Pathology 66 (1): 2–1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/pl0001....
26.
Linde C.C., Zala M., Paulraj R.S.D., McDonald B.A., Gnanamanickam S.S. 2005. Population structure of the rice sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA from India. European Journal of Plant Pathology 112: 113–121. DOI: https://doi.org 10.1007/s10658-005-2231-7.
27.
Mahdizadeh V., Safaie N., Goltapeh E.M. 2012. Genetic diversity of sesame isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina using RAPD and ISSR markers. Trakia Journal of Sciences 10 (2): 65–74.
28.
Mahmodi F., Kadir J.B., Puteh A., Pourdad S.S., Nasehi A., Soleimani N. 2014. Genetic diversity and differentiation of Colletotrichum spp. isolates associated with Leguminosae using multigene loci, RAPD and ISSR. Plant Pathology Journal 30: 10–24. DOI: https://doi:10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.....
29.
McDonald B.A., Linde C. 2002. Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, and durable resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology 40: 349–379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annure....
30.
Misawa T., Kayamori M., Kurose D., Sasaki J., Toda T. 2017. First report of Rhizoctonia disease of lily caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-11 in Japan. Journal of General Plant Pathology 76: 310–319. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.20....
31.
Misawa T., Kuninaga S. 2010. The first report of tomato foot rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 PT and AG-2-Nt and its host range and molecular characterization. Journal of General Plant Pathology 76: 310–319. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327....
32.
Moghaddam G.A., Rezayatmand Z., Nasr Esfahani M., Khozaei M. 2019. Genetic defense analysis of tomatoes in response to early blight disease, Alternaria alternata. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 142: 500–509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plap.... 2019 .08.011.
33.
Muzhinji N., Truter M., van der Waals J.E. 2015. First report of Rhizoctonia solani AG 4HG-III causing potato stem canker in South Africa. Plant Disease 100: 555–564. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-1....
34.
Nasehi A., Kadir J.B., Nasr Esfahani M., Abed Ashtiani F., Wong M.Y., Rambe S.K., Golkhandan E. 2014. Analysis of genetic and virulence variability of Stemphylium lycopersici associated with leaf spot of vegetable crops. European Journal of Plant Pathology 140: 261–273. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658....
35.
Nasr Esfahani M. 2018a. Genetic and virulence variation in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae causing root and basal rot of common onion in Iran. Journal of Phytopathology 166: 572–580. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.12....
36.
Nasr Esfahani M. 2018b. Analysis of genetic and virulence variability of Alternaria alternate associated with leaf spot of potato in Iran. Acta Mycologia 53: 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/am.110....
37.
Nasr Esfahani M. 2019. Morphological, virulence and genetic variability of Ulocladium atrum causing potato leaf blight disease in Iran. Journal of Plant Protection Research 59: 41–49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24425/jppr.....
38.
Nasr Esfahani M., Chatraee M., Shafizadeh S., Jalaji S. 2012. Evaluation of resistance of cucurbit and cucumber cultivars to Phytophthora drechsleri in Greenhouse. Iranian Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 28: 407–417.
39.
Nasr Esfahani M., Nasehi A., Rahmanshirazi P., Ghadirian H., Ashtiani F.A. 2014. Susceptibility assessment of bell pepper genotypes to crown and root rot disease. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 47: 944–953. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/ 03235 408.2013.826541.
40.
National Institution of Agriculture Botany (NIAB). 1985. Diseases assessment manual for crop variety trials. Cambridge, UK. Available on: https://www.niab.com/sitemap.
41.
Ogoshi A. 1987. Ecology and pathogenicity of anastomosis and intraspecific groups of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Annual Review of Phytopathology 25: 125–143. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annure....
42.
Padasht-Dehkaei F., Ceresini P.C., Zala M., Okhovvat S.M., Nikkhah M.J. 2013. Population genetic evidence that basidiospores play an important role in the disease cycle of riceinfecting populations of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA in Iran. Plant Pathology 62: 49–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365....
43.
Pannecoucque J., Hofte M. 2009. Detection of rDNA ITS polymorphism in Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1 isolates. Mycologia 101: 26–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3852/08-084.
44.
Rohlf E.J. 1993. NTSYS-pc: Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, version 1.80. Applied Biostatistics Inc., Setauket, New York. Applied Biostatistics Inc., Setauket, New York.
45.
Romain R.F., Mabbayad M.O., Poulitz T.C., Watson A.K. 1999. Host range of Alternaria alternata f.sp. sphenocleae causing leaf blight Sphenoclea zeylanica. Canadian Journal of Botany 77: 103–112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-77....
46.
Sharon M., Sneh B., Kuninaga S., Hyakumachi M. 2006. The advancing identification and classification of Rhizoctonia spp. Using molecular and biotechnological methods compared with the classical anastomosis grouping. Mycoscience 47: 299–316. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267....
47.
Sharon M., Sneh B., Kuninaga S., Hyakumachi M., Naito S. 2008. Classification of Rhizoctonia spp. using rDNA-its sequence analysis supports the genetic basis of the classical anastomosis grouping. Mycoscience 49: 93–114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267....
48.
Shu C.W., Zou C.J., Chen J.L., Tang F., Yi R.H., Zhou E.X. 2014. Genetic diversity and population structure of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA, the causal agent of rice sheath blight, in South China. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 36: 179–186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080 /07060661.2014.913685.
49.
Sornakili A., Rathinam P.K., Thiruvengadum R., Kuppusamy P. 2017. Comparative assessment of RAPD and ISSR markers to study genetic polymorphism in Colletotrichum gloeosorioides isolates of mango. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology 11: 130–138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ajppaj....
50.
Thompson J.D., Higgins D.G., Gibson T.G. 1994. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Research 22: 4673–4680. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/22....
51.
Tsror L. 2010. Biology, epidemiology and management of Rhizoctonia solani on potato. Journal of Phytopathology 158 (10): 649–658. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439.... 01671.x.
52.
Wang L., Liu L.M., Hou Y.X., Li L., Huang S.W. 2015. Pathotypic and genetic diversity in the population of Rhizoctonia solani AG–1IA causing rice sheath blight in China. Plant Pathology 64: 718–728. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12....
53.
Woodhall J., Lees A.K., Edwards S.G., Jenkinson P. 2007. Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani from potato in Great Britain. Plant Pathology 56: 286–295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365....
54.
Woodhall J.W., Lees A., Edwards S.G., Jenkinson P. 2008. Infection of potato by Rhizoctonia solani: Effect of anastomosis group. Plant Pathology 57: 897–905. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365....
55.
Yang S., Min F., Wang W., Wei Q., Guo M., Gao Y., Dong X., Lu D. 2017. Anastomosis group and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani associated with stem canker and black scurf of potato in Heilongjiang province of China. American Journal of Potato Research 94: 95–104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230....
56.
Zheng L., Shi F., Hsiang T. 2013. Genetic structure of a population of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 IIIB from Agrostis stolonifera revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 35: 476–481. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/ 07060661.2013.830148.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 1899-007X |
| ISSN: | 1427-4345 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
