ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Fumigant toxicity of Petroselinum crispum L. (Apiaceae) essential oil on Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) adults under greenhouse conditions
1
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, 5756151818 Urmia, Iran
2
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 5619911367 Ardabil, Iran
Submission date: 2014-04-24
Acceptance date: 2014-08-19
Corresponding author
Vahid Mahdavi
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 5619911367 Ardabil, Iran
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 5619911367 Ardabil, Iran
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2014;54(3):294-299
KEYWORDS
bioassaychemical compoundsessential oilsfumigant toxicityPetroselinum crispumTrialeurodes vaporariorum
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most harmful, world-wide known pests of greenhouse crops and ornamental plants. This insect feeds on plant sap, produces honeydew, and transmits plant viruses, while
causing quantitative and qualitative damage to plants. For controlling this pest in greenhouses, plant essential oils are used as an alternative to chemical insecticidal. So in this study, fumigant toxicity of Petroselinum crispum L. (Apiaceae)
plant oil on the abovementioned adult pest was investigated. Dry seeds were ground and subjected to hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and the resulting oil contained myristicin (42.65%), β-phellandrene (21.83%), p-1,3,8-enthatriene (9.97%), and β-myrcene (4.25%). All bioassay tests were conducted at 27±2°C, 65±5% relative humidity (RH) and at a photoperiod of 16 : 8 h (light : dark). This research was performed in a completely randomised design with six treatments (five different concentrations of essential oils plus the control). Each concentration included three replicates and each replicate consisted of 20 adult pests. The results showed that
the aforementioned essential oil showed significant mortality of adults 24 h after exposure. The value LC 50 of the mentioned plant oil on T. vaporariorum was 2.41 μl/l air. And mortality percentage showed higher sensitivity of T. vaporariorum against the application of the essential oil. The value LT 50 estimated for T. vaporariorum in a concentration of 2.41 μl/l air was 8.17 h. The fumigant toxicity of this essential oil had an ordered relationship with the concentration and time exposure. The results of this research showed that the mentioned plant oil had appropriate insecticidal effects on these greenhouse pests. The findings showed that P. crispum oil had a high impact on the above-mentioned pest, and its use is suggested because of its high potential fumigant toxicity. The oil of P. crispum may be used in integrated pest management programmes in greenhouses.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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