ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Effect of Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare L. essential oils on toxicity, food consumption, and biochemical properties of lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
1
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, 41635–1314 Rasht, Iran
2
Department of Sericulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, 41635–1314 Rasht, Iran
Submission date: 2013-05-26
Acceptance date: 2014-01-20
Corresponding author
Jalal Jalali Sendi
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, 41635–1314 Rasht, Iran Department of Sericulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, 41635–1314 Rasht, Iran
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, 41635–1314 Rasht, Iran Department of Sericulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, 41635–1314 Rasht, Iran
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2014;54(1):53-61
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare L. were investigated for their toxicity and physiological aspects on the lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Walker in controlled condition (24±1°C, 75±5% RH and 16L : 8D). The leaf disc method was used to study acute toxicity, the effect of LC 10, LC 30, and LC 50 on the feeding efficiency of 4th instar larva, and biochemical indices. The essential oil doses of LC 10, LC 30 and LC 50 were estimated to be 0.107%, 0.188% and 0.279% for T. vulgaris, and 0.67%, 1.173% and 1.728% for O. vulgare, respectively. The results showed that T. vulgaris was more toxic than O. vulgare. The essential oil sublethal dose LC 30 affected the nutritional indices of 4th instar larvae of G. pyloalis. The essential oils reduced total protein, carbohydrate, and lipid. Some concentrations of essential oils changed the activity level of α-amylase, protease, lipase, general esterases, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) but others showed no effect on these enzymes. It was concluded that the used essential oil concentrations were both toxic to G. pyloalis
and showed irreversible effects on key metabolic processes, therefore, the used essential oil concentrations may be considered as alternatives to the classic pest control agents.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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