ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Dual effects of leaf extracts of Eucalyptus citriodora on controlling purslane and root-knot nematode in sunflower
1
Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Code 12622 Cairo, Egypt
2
Plant Pathology Department, Nematology Laboratory, National Research Centre
Dokki, P.O. Code 12622 Cairo, Egypt
Corresponding author
Kowthar Gad El-Rokiek
Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Code 12622 Cairo, Egypt
Botany Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Code 12622 Cairo, Egypt
Journal of Plant Protection Research 2011;51(2):121-129
KEYWORDS
allelopathyPortulaca OleraceaMeloidogyne incognitaphenolic acidsHelianthus annusfresh leaf extractdry leaf extract
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Experiments were conducted under laboratory and greenhouse conditions to investigate the allelopathic activity of aqueous
extracts of dry and fresh leaves of
Eucalyptus citriodora
on purslane weed growth and nematode
Meloidogyne incognita
infecting sun-
flower plants cv. Giza 102.
A Petri dish biotest showed that the aqueous extracts significantly reduced purslane (
Portulaca oleracea
L.)
seedling length, with the degree of inhibition being dependent on the extract concentration. The fresh and dry leaf extracts of
E. citriodora
standard solution “S” caused the highest net mortality percentage of 100% after 72 hrs of exposure. Greenhouse studies
in 2008 and 2009, indicated the greatest significant inhibition in purslane growth as well as the number of galls and egg masses of
infecting nematode affected the increase in sunflower growth and yield. The studies indicated increase in the endogenous contents
of total phenols in purslane tissues. This increase, correlated with growth inhibition due to treatment with leaf extract of
E. citriodora
.
Chemical analysis indicated an increase in the contents of carbohydrates, protein and oil in sunflower seeds. The analysis of fatty acid
composition by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC) indicated increases in the percentage of oleic and linoleic acid in sunflower seeds
when fresh leaf extract of
E. citriodora
was used. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the following acids;
caffeic, ferulic, coumaric, benzoic, vanelic, chlorogenic, and hydroxybenzoic were present in
Eucalyptus
extracts.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.
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