ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Competitiveness indicators of herbicide silky bentgrass (Apera spica-venti L.) of different susceptibility to herbicides toward winter wheat
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1
Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
2
Department of Weed Science, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation- State Research Institute in Pulawy, Orzechowa 61, 50-540, Wrocław, Poland
3
Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Łobzowska 24, 31-140, Kraków, Poland
A - Research concept and design; B - Collection and/or assembly of data; C - Data analysis and interpretation; D - Writing the article; E - Critical revision of the article; F - Final approval of article
Submission date: 2024-10-22
Acceptance date: 2025-02-19
Online publication date: 2025-03-12
Corresponding author
Mariusz Kucharski
Department of Weed Science, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation- State Research Institute in Pulawy, Orzechowa 61, 50-540, Wrocław, Poland
HIGHLIGHTS
- The pyroxsulam-resistant biotype had the most negative impact on winter wheat
- The susceptible bentgrass biotype had no proven competitive effect on winter wheat
- Stress factors are not always linked to fitness costs in resistant biotypes
- Interspecific competitiveness may be beneficial for site-specific weed management
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ABSTRACT
Silky bentgrass (Apera spica-venti L.) is one of Central Europe's most troublesome monocotyledonous weeds of winter crops. The study aimed to analyze the competitiveness of biotypes of silky bentgrass against winter wheat, depending on the type of soil substrate and nitrogen fertilization. In this research, in a pot experiment during two seasons, we studied the effect of bentgrass plants, of different sensitivity/resistance to herbicides, on winter wheat in an additive model, carried out on sandy or clay soil, either non-fertilized or fertilized with nitrogen. The competitive indices were calculated based on several wheat morphological and yield features. The multivariate analysis was incorporated to interpret the data. As a result, we found that wheat performance is affected by bentgrass competition. No clear effect of soil type and nitrogen fertilization on the competitiveness of A. spica-venti biotypes was demonstrated. Only in one season was the pyroxsulam-resistant biotype competitive to the winter wheat when growing on fertilized clay soil. Further research with varied numbers of winter wheat and bentgrass is advised to assess crop-weed effects further.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have declared that no conflict of interests exist.