Climatic fluctuations in semi-arid areas are modifying the dynamics of weeds in field crops production. This trial was aimed to research the application of various herbicides on the growth characteristics of camelina under irrigation and rainfed conditions in Maragheh, Iran. Analyzing the data via treatment by a trait biplot model based on principal component (PCA) indicated that the PCA1 and PCA2 explained 74 and 17% of the observed variability, “respectively”. Most traits were grouped under the I1-H3 (irrigated + cycloxydim) section while the number of siliques per plant was positioned with I1-H5 (irrigated + pinoxaden), and I1-H1 (irrigated + without herbicide) produced a high harvest index as well as density and biomass of weeds. The seed yield, biological yield, thousand-seed weight, seed number per silique, canopy diameter, chlorophyll content, plant height, and the number of siliques per plant were correlated similar to association of weed density with biomass. Herbicides H3, H4 (haloxyfop-R-methyl), and H5 were positively correlated under irrigated conditions, while H2 (trifluralin), H3, H4, and H5 were positively associated under rainfed circumstances. The number of siliques per plant, seeds per silique, and seed yield demonstrated high discriminative ability as well as greater typical ability. Treatments H2, H4 and H5 under irrigation conditions were identified as ideal or distinguishing treatments. The response of treatments for seed yield indicated that H3, H4 and H5 under full-irrigated conditions were the most effective in terms of yield performance. Overall, this study underscored that the availability of water strongly affected the effectiveness of herbicides, thus, it seems necessary to use climate smart agricultural practices in drought prone regions such as supplemental irrigation to improve the effectiveness of acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor herbicides.